PodcastExcess ReturnsBrent Kochuba

The 10-Year Hit 5.35%. OpenAI Came Up $20 Billion Short. So Why Is Nobody Buying Puts?

The discussion examines options positioning, expiration flows, and narrow market leadership alongside unusually subdued equity volatility and rising bond yields. Speakers also weigh the economics of AI subscriptions and OpenAI revenue expectations, while noting that put-selling may support stocks even as few investors own long puts. Market views remain conditional: a drop in rates could support a rally, while fading AI momentum or pressure from rates could bring a sharp correction.

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Key Takeaways

The AI discussion paired questions about whether a $200 monthly plan can sustainably cover usage that could cost up to $12,000 through APIs with the gap between $50 billion and $70 billion revenue figures cited for data centers. The speakers’ points highlight both uncertain AI service economics and the high expectations that can make substantial revenue appear disappointing.

The S&P 500’s new highs masked weak breadth: one estimate had 70% of its stocks below their 50-day moving averages, while leadership remained concentrated in a select group. That narrow advance coincided with unusually subdued realized volatility—10 over one month and 8 over five days—even as the guest described upside volatility as exceeding downside volatility.

Short-dated options are a major part of the activity discussed: more than 85% of QQQ volume was tied to options expiring within five days, and dealers may have to trade underlying shares to hedge options exposure. The guest says zero-DTE activity tends to recede as volatility and risk rise, while the VIX’s roughly 30-day horizon means those shortest-dated options do not necessarily drive it directly.

The speakers characterized October expiration as a fairly typical event, at about $1 trillion in value and smaller than September’s, while describing options-expiration flows as mean-reverting about two-thirds of the time. One speaker also said autocorrelation drops during OPEX week, making recent price action a less reliable guide to the next day; the typical correction discussed was about 1% to 2%.

One speaker argued that perceived long-term stability in U.S. stocks encourages investors to trade in and out on shorter time frames, even though buying dips may not keep working and few investors have the 30-year horizon for which the speaker said it may make sense. The speakers also stressed that the S&P 500’s risk changes with its composition, while another speaker said pressure to outperform can push hedge fund managers toward concentrated, leveraged bets that are tricky in a market with few corrections.

TECHNOLOGY

AI Plan Economics — The speaker says a $200 monthly AI plan can provide usage that would cost up to $12,000 through APIs, suggesting the subscription may be subsidized. The speakers question whether the economics are sustainable if equivalent usage had to be priced much higher.

“What this is essentially saying is you're paying 200 bucks but if you were just to pay for usage in the APIs, that would cost about $12,000 or up to…”—

ECONOMY

Rate Volatility — One speaker argues that rapid rate increases—not simply the level of rates—can disrupt mortgage activity. Large moves over a short period make it harder to operate and create chaos as bond volatility rises.

“But I have a buddy in the mortgage industry…”—

MARKETS

Narrow Leadership — The S&P 500 can reach new highs even as many constituent stocks fall or lag: one estimate put 70% of stocks below their 50-day moving average when the index hit an all-time high. The speakers say leadership had narrowed again, with only a select group of stocks doing well.

“Yeah, we just had Katie Stockton on and I think the stat is something like the S&P hit an all-time high and I think 70% of stocks were below their…”—

Dealer Hedging — As options volume rises, dealers may need to hedge by trading the underlying shares. In the speaker's example, market makers selling 100,000 at-the-money calls with a 50 delta would need to buy five million shares. The speaker describes this mechanism as the setup for a gamma squeeze.

“So in this example, 100,000 calls at a 50 delta. So those are kind of at the money options we call them…”—

Expiration Reversals — The speaker says options-expiration flows exhibit mean reversion about two-thirds of the time: a rally into expiration tends to be followed by a pullback, while a dip tends to be followed by a rally. The typical correction discussed is about 1% to 2%, and such moves can create short-term trading opportunities.

“And we have some statistical evidence here that there is a lot of mean reversion on options expiration flows…”—

FORECASTS

AI Correction Risk — One speaker argues that the market's lack of correlation could eventually resolve through a downside move. If the AI trade loses momentum, the speaker considers a fairly sharp correction a legitimate risk to watch.

“just not moving correlated very well is the word I'm looking for…”—

Volatility Before CPI — The speaker says volatility and weekly straddles are currently low, with traders pricing in small market moves and daily ranges expected to remain tight. The speaker expects volatility and gamma positioning may start expanding around Tuesday or Wednesday ahead of CPI.

“This next slide is something we talked about last night, which is really interesting. This idea of autocorrelation by era. Yeah…”—

Neutral Market Signal — The guest says the market sentiment gauge is neutral and suggests that, in the short term, the market may go nowhere while investors wait for CPI and other data. The signal is based on day-over-day changes in buy-side positioning.

“and you know, right now at neutral, this is suggesting in the short term, market's not going to go anywhere…”—

Rising rates, AI leadership and equity calm

The hosts describe a calm equity market despite rising Treasury yields, narrow AI-led leadership, and low demand for protection; they warn that fading AI momentum could expose downside risk.

Options volume, dealer hedging and gamma squeezes

The guest explains how call buying forces dealer hedging and can fuel gamma squeezes, while higher implied volatility makes speculative calls more expensive and changes the payoff for market makers.

Gamma, expiration and changing market behavior

They discuss how monthly options expiration removes hedges, can produce mean reversion, and may change volatility and price autocorrelation; the scale and timing of options positioning matter.

Who trades 0DTE and what it means for volatility

The speakers say retail traders and high-frequency firms account for much short-dated options activity, while those flows tend to recede when risk rises; their effects on VIX and volatility remain uncertain.

October expiration and the market’s quiet positioning

October expiration looks relatively ordinary and balanced, with quiet options positioning despite elevated bond volatility; the guest says investors seem unusually reluctant to buy puts or trade actively.

Passive investing and changing index risk

They connect passive inflows and faith in U.S. market resilience to short-term trading behavior, while noting that index risk changes as its largest constituents and sector leadership evolve.

Reviewing September’s signals and outcomes

Looking back, the guest says September’s rally and volatility signals largely matched expectations, though the oil-and-rates view missed; put protection has since faded despite continuing risks.

Low realized volatility and SpotGamma’s flow signals

Realized equity volatility remains unusually low, and the guest’s positioning indicators show put selling supporting stocks; they see little current demand for protection but would watch for sentiment to turn.

Correlation, upside risk and AI economics

The speakers debate whether AI subscription prices subsidize costly usage and whether those economics can scale; they say OpenAI revenue expectations and shifting options sentiment have made investors more attentive to AI risks.

AI expectations, positioning and bond-market signals

They weigh AI companies’ high growth expectations against bond-market positioning, arguing that rising yields could pressure equities if they persist even as some investors keep betting on rates falling.

The 7,700 risk pivot and scenarios into year-end

The guest identifies 7,700 as the downside risk pivot, with 7,400 a possible target if rates or data disappoint; falling rates could instead fuel a rally, while CPI and earnings set the near-term tone.

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Important Disclaimers

Not Investment Advice: For education only — not financial, tax or legal advice.

AI-Generated: Made by AI from source transcripts and may contain errors.

No Guarantees: Past performance does not predict future results; investing carries risk.

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